UPC-A is the most widely used barcode symbology in USA.
UPC-A encodes 11 digits plus a check digit.
The first digit of
UPC-A is the Number System. Followed by 5-digit Manufacturer Code, and another 5-digit Product Code. The last digit of
UPC-A is check digit.
UPC-E is a variation of
UPC-A.
UPC-E turns 10 digits Manufacturer Code and Product Code into 6-digit number.
EAN13 is used in Europe. The only difference between
EAN13 and
UPC-A is the Number System of
EAN13 has 2 digits. Therefore,
EAN13 encodes 12 digits plus a check digit.
EAN8 is a smaller sized version of
EAN13.
EAN8 encodes 8 digits into barcode.
JAN is actually EAN barcodes that use Number System of 49. It's used in Japan.
Bookland is actually a variation of
EAN-13 barcode that use Number System 978. So
Bookland always begins with "978", followed by 9 digits plus a check digit.